Possible UPSC Questions
Prelims (Objective)
- The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN) primarily targets
A) all Scheduled Tribes B) women artisans in forest areas
C) 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) D) tea-garden workers - Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA) converges schemes of how many Union ministries?
A) 9 B) 11 C) 15 D) 17
Mains (150 words)
“Discuss how PM-JANMAN and DAJGUA, implemented through the Dharti Aaba Janbhagidari Abhiyan, seek to achieve ‘benefit saturation’ in tribal areas. What challenges could impede last-mile delivery?”
Quick Outline of Key Facts
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Dharti Aaba Janbhagidari Abhiyan (launched 15 June 2025)
- 2-week outreach in 1 lakh tribal villages / 500+ districts; theme: “Government Benefits to Every Tribal Doorstep”.
- Core principles: Janbhagidari, whole-of-government convergence, last-mile delivery; target 100 % saturation by 15 Nov 2025 (Birsa Munda Jayanti).
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PM-JANMAN (2023)
- Umbrella scheme for 75 PVTGs; 11 interventions by 9 ministries (PMGSY, PMAY-G, Jal Jeevan, etc.).
- Focus: housing, potable water, health-nutrition, road & telecom links, sustainable livelihoods.
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DAJGUA (2024)
- Named after Birsa Munda (Dharti Aaba); convergence of 17 ministries.
- Budget ₹79,156 cr (Central ₹56,333 cr + State ₹22,823 cr) over 5 yrs.
- Interventions: hostels, rural electrification, PMAY housing, livestock & fisheries support.
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PVTGs
- Sub-category of Scheduled Tribes (identified since 1960–61 as “Primitive Tribal Groups”, renamed 2006).
- 75 communities across 18 States + Andaman & Nicobar; high vulnerability indices.
- Health add-on: Sickle-Cell Awareness Campaign (19 June) dovetails with Abhiyan; aligns with Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission 2047.
Summary
To mark Janjatiya Gaurav Varsh and accelerate “benefit saturation” in India’s tribal heartlands, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA) on 15 June 2025 rolled out the Dharti Aaba Janbhagidari Abhiyan. Over a fortnight, specially trained “digital warriors” and officials will fan out to more than one lakh tribal villages in 500-plus districts, holding doorstep camps that enrol beneficiaries, issue documents and publicise entitlements. The initiative’s slogan—“Bringing Government Benefits to Every Tribal Doorstep”—aims for 100 % awareness and coverage by 15 November 2025, Birsa Munda’s birth anniversary.
Central to the drive are two flagship umbrellas. First, Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN), unveiled on Janjatiya Gaurav Divas 2023, channels the resources of nine ministries into eleven projects—ranging from rural roads (PMGSY) and houses (PMAY-G) to Jal Jeevan tap water—specifically for the 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), whose small populations and pre-agricultural livelihoods make them especially fragile.
Second, Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan (DAJGUA), launched in October 2024 from Hazaribagh, converges 17 line ministries with a five-year outlay of ₹79,156 crore. It funds hostel construction, electrification, livestock and fisheries assistance and other quality-of-life upgrades. “Dharti Aaba” (Father of the Earth) honours Birsa Munda, whose 1890s Ulgulan revolt forced colonial authorities to enact landmark tenancy protections in Chotanagpur.
The outreach also incorporates a World Sickle Cell Day campaign (19 June) to expand screening and counselling among tribal groups where the genetic disorder is prevalent, dovetailing with the national target of eliminating sickle-cell anaemia by 2047.
By bundling schemes and taking services to hamlets rather than bureaucratic counters, the government hopes to overcome chronic awareness gaps, documentation hurdles and physical remoteness that have historically blunted welfare delivery in Scheduled Areas. Yet success hinges on accurate beneficiary identification, digital connectivity, inter-departmental coordination and sustained state-level execution.
Significance to the UPSC Exam
- GS II – Welfare Schemes & Vulnerable Sections: Up-to-date example of convergence models, PVTG focus, and last-mile governance.
- GS I – Society: Illustrates constitutional & historical context of tribal rights; Birsa Munda’s legacy.
- GS III – Health & Social Justice: Links genetic disease eradication (Sickle-Cell Mission 2047) with broader tribal health disparities.
- Essay / Ethics: Case study on inclusive development, community participation (Janbhagidari) and whole-of-government approach.
